FIA World Championship Motor Racing
Overview
The premier single-seater, open-wheel international racing competition sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). It represents the highest class of circuit racing globally, featuring purpose-built vehicles adhering to stringent technical regulations.
Technical Specifications
Power Units
Cars utilize advanced hybrid power units. These consist of a 1.6-liter turbocharged internal combustion engine (ICE) coupled with energy recovery systems. These systems include a Motor Generator Unit-Kinetic (MGU-K), recovering energy under braking, and a Motor Generator Unit-Heat (MGU-H), recovering energy from exhaust gases. A control electronics unit and energy store (battery) are also integral components.
Chassis and Aerodynamics
The chassis is a carbon-fiber composite monocoque, engineered for maximum strength and driver protection. Aerodynamic performance is critical, with extensive use of front wings, rear wings, underbody elements, and bargeboards to generate downforce, aiding cornering speed, and managing airflow. Significant regulations govern aerodynamic design to promote closer racing.
Tires
A sole tire supplier provides standardized tires for all teams. Different tire compounds are available for each race, ranging from harder compounds for durability to softer compounds for increased grip and performance. Tire management is a crucial aspect of race strategy.
Fuel
Cars use a specified racing fuel, which must conform to FIA regulations and meet stringent environmental standards.
Sporting Regulations
Race Weekend Structure
A race weekend typically consists of practice sessions, qualifying sessions, and the race itself. Qualifying determines the starting grid order. The race distance is typically around 305 kilometers (190 miles), with variations depending on the circuit.
Points System
Points are awarded to the top finishers of each race, contributing to both the Drivers' Championship and the Constructors' Championship. The driver and constructor with the most points at the end of the season are crowned champions.
Penalties and Sanctions
The FIA enforces strict rules and regulations. Violations can result in penalties, including time penalties, grid penalties, drive-through penalties, stop-go penalties, or disqualification.
Teams and Drivers
Ten teams currently compete, each fielding two drivers. Teams design, develop, and manufacture their own chassis, although they may source power units from different manufacturers.
History and Evolution
The modern championship traces its roots back to the European Championship of Grand Prix motor racing of the 1920s and 1930s. The first official championship was held in 1950. Over the decades, it has undergone significant technological and regulatory changes, shaping it into the high-tech and globally popular sport it is today.
Governing Body
The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) governs the championship, overseeing technical and sporting regulations, safety standards, and race organization.